Aspergillosis is most frequently seen in which types of hawks?

Aspergillosis is a fungal infection that affects the respiratory system of birds, and it is particularly associated with species that are more prone to environmental stress and changes, such as habitat modification and increased exposure to pathogens. Red-tailed hawks, goshawks, and gyrfalcons frequently encounter conditions that can predispose them to developing this condition due to their hunting and foraging habits, which may expose them to contaminated environments.

These species are often found in varied ecological zones and can be impacted by factors such as stress from competition, changes in prey availability, and other environmental pressures that can weaken their immune system. This makes them more susceptible to infections like aspergillosis.

In contrast, the other options include species that either are less frequently associated with such diseases or have different ecological interactions that may not place them at the same level of risk for developing aspergillosis. Therefore, the choice indicating that red-tails, goshawks, and gyrfalcons are most frequently seen with this infection aligns with the understanding of their ecological vulnerabilities and health risks.