What characteristic marking is associated with the adult goshawk?

The adult goshawk is known for its distinctive physical features, and a dark hood alongside a white superciliary line is one of the most recognizable marks that set this raptor apart. The dark hood refers to the darker feathers covering the head and part of the neck, contrasting sharply with the lighter feathers found elsewhere on the body. The white superciliary line, which runs above the eyes, enhances the facial features of the goshawk, adding to its striking appearance. These features are essential for identification in the field, helping bird watchers and hawkers to accurately recognize the species.

The other choices do not accurately depict the adult goshawk's appearance. The second option describes characteristics more akin to other hawks or falcons, while the third option evokes features of different raptors that do not belong to the goshawk family. Finally, the fourth option speaks to aesthetics not characteristic of an adult goshawk or found within the normal plumage patterns of this species. As a result, the marking of a dark hood and a white superciliary line is key to correctly identifying an adult goshawk.