What is the difference between falcons and hawks?

The distinction between falcons and hawks encompasses various aspects, and understanding these can enhance your knowledge of raptor biology and classification.

Falcons, classified under the family Falconidae, have certain unique traits that set them apart from other birds of prey. This family includes species like the Peregrine Falcon and American Kestrel. This characteristic defines the specific group of birds known as falcons.

Hawks are often regarded as a more general term. While they refer to various species within the raptor category, they are typically part of two main families: Accipitridae (which includes true hawks, eagles, and kites) and Buteoninae (such as buzzards). The term raptor broadly encompasses all bird-of-prey species, which includes both hawks and falcons.

Anatomically and behaviorally, there are significant differences between these two groups. For instance, falcons tend to have pointed wings and are known for their incredible speed and hunting prowess in the air. They also use a unique method of hunting known as stooping, where they dive from great heights to catch their prey. Conversely, hawks generally have broader wings and varying hunting strategies, which can include soaring and hunting from perches.